There is a right way to read a book for pleasure, and a right way to read a book for learning. You can read a book for pleasure one time through and be just fine. You’ll get all you need out of that one reading—which is pleasure.
以娛樂目的的學(xué)習(xí)，有一種適合閱讀和閱讀的閱讀方法。你可以放松讀書，你會從書中享受到閱讀的樂趣。
However, it is harmful to assume that you should approach academic reading the same way. In order to read and comprehend a book or article for school, you need to be much more intentional and strategic. That is, if you want to earn a good grade!
然而，為了學(xué)會閱讀目的，這種方法是行不通的。在學(xué)習(xí)中，你需要有更多的意識和策略，以便閱讀和理解一本有學(xué)問的書或文章。換句話說，如果你想取得好成績，你需要這樣做。
 
Understand genres and themes.
理解分類和主題。
In most reading tests, the student is asked to read a passage and predict what might happen next. Prediction is a common reading comprehension strategy. The purpose for this strategy is to make sure you’re able to infer information from the clues in the text.
在許多閱讀測試中，學(xué)生被要求閱讀文章并預(yù)測接下來會發(fā)生什么。預(yù)測是一種常見的閱讀理解策略，其目的是確定你是否能從文章中的線索中推斷出來。
It is important to know something about the type of text you're reading, whether it is a nonfiction or a work of fiction. Understanding the genre of a book helps you make predictions about the action--which helps you comprehend the action.
重要的是要知道文章的類型，不管是非小說類還是小說類。了解文章的類型可以幫助你預(yù)測正在發(fā)生的事情，并幫助你了解語境。
 
Read with tools.
借助工具閱讀
Any time you read to learn (and not for pleasure), you should use active reading skills. There are good tools to use as you read, and there are tools that are not so good to use.
在學(xué)習(xí)式閱讀中（不是娛樂閱讀），你應(yīng)該使用有效的閱讀技巧。在閱讀時有好的工具，也有一些不如意的工具。
A pencil is a good tool. You can use a pencil to make annotations in the margins of your text without doing any permanent damage to the text.
鉛筆是一種好工具，你可以使用鉛筆在邊緣處做注釋，并且不會給書本造成永久的損害。
Another good tool is a pack of sticky notes. Use your notes to jot down thoughts, impressions, predictions, and questions as you read.
另外一個好工具是一包便利貼。在閱讀時使用便利貼簡略記下你的想法、感受、預(yù)測和問題。
A highlighter, on the other hand, can be a really bad tool. Not only do you create some serious damage when you highlight a book, you also give yourself the false impression that you have accomplished anything significant by doing so.
另一方面，記號筆可能會是一種糟糕的工具，不僅僅會對書本造成嚴(yán)重的損害，還會帶給自己一種已經(jīng)完成了一些重要任務(wù)的假象（可能實際上并沒有）。
The only thing you accomplish by highlighting is marking passages that you may want to read again. But if a passage impresses you enough to highlight it, you must indicate why it impresses you. Otherwise, you will go back to read isolated sentences and try to remember why they were important.
寫下你想重讀的段落是唯一能通過標(biāo)記有效地完成的段落。但是如果一段話深深地打動了你，你必須說它為什么吸引你。否則，你可能會把注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到其中之一，或者花時間回想這些句子為什么重要。
 
Work the vocabulary skills.
運用詞匯技巧
It's a no-brainer that you should take the time to identify and look up new and unfamiliar words as you read. But it's important to make a log book of those new words, and revisit them long after you've finished reading that book.
在閱讀中，發(fā)現(xiàn)并確認(rèn)生詞和生詞是很容易的，但要準(zhǔn)備一個筆記本來記錄這些單詞，而復(fù)習(xí)新單詞后讀這本書也是非常重要的。
The more we study a subject, the more it sinks in. Be sure to keep a log book of new words and visit it often!
我們對一門課學(xué)習(xí)得越多，吸收的知識就越多。一定要準(zhǔn)備一個筆記本來記錄新詞并常常溫習(xí)。
 
Analyze the title (and subtitles).
分析標(biāo)題（和副標(biāo)題）
The title is often the last thing to be adjusted once a writer has finished writing.Writers edit the text and identify themes, make predictions, and make notations galore.
題目通常是作者寫完文章后需要調(diào)整的部分。作者編輯文字并且確認(rèn)主題，作出預(yù)測，并做出許多注釋。
Many writers are surprised by the twists and turns that come from the creative process.
許多作者都會對創(chuàng)作過程的曲折和轉(zhuǎn)變感到驚訝。
This is why, once a text is completed, the writer may reflect on the true message or purpose as a final step and come up with a new title. This means you can use the title as a clue to help you understand the message or purpose of your text.
這就是為什么在文章完成后，作者會把實際的信息和目標(biāo)作為最后一步來考慮，并考慮一個新的標(biāo)題。這意味著您可以使用標(biāo)題作為線索，幫助您理解文章的內(nèi)容和目的。